Article on Improving the Authenticity of your early period fabrics:
This article contains a list of DMC & Paterna wool colours, which correspond to known period dyes.
It also talks about fabric materials, types, weaves, sett

Here are scans of a set of colour cards, made up based on the DMC colour information above.
Note that what you see on your monitor won't exactly match the original, so these should be taken with a grain of salt.
Also note that there is certainly variation in what colour you get from a particular dye, so these are just a sample of possible colours, and not all dyes listed in the article are here - but it should be a pretty good overview.
 

Colours appropriate for all classes:

Middle Class Colours:

High Class Colours